Discussion

Haplophyllum tuberculatum, commonly known as Tafr al tays in Arabic, is the most widespread species in the genus Haplophyllum occurring from North Arica to the Middle East and is the only species recorded from Oman. This current study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk) A. Juss (Rutaceae) grown in Northern region of Oman as an initial step in the discovery of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.Phytochemical analysis of extract showed presence of major classes of phytochemicals such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides etc. The various fractions of the plant showed variable amount of caffeic acid equivalent of total phenolics and quercetin equivalent of flavonoid content. The extract also exhibited mild to moderate antioxidant activity. The anti- inflammatory activity of plant extracts was significant and comparable with the standard drug Diclofenac sodium.The results of our study suggest aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum possess potent anti-inflammatory activity and are also a good source of natural antioxidants.