Discussion

Skeletal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be controlled by their physical and mechanical nanoscale environment. Here, how nanovibrations can control MSC differentiation to bone without media differentiation and off-target differentiation will be discussed. Further, mechanisms of nanovibrational differentiation will be highlighted such as focal adhesion-based pathways, TRPV1 activation of beta catenin and controlled inflammation. The technology is being developed towards use for providing osteoinductive cells for cell therapy and cell scale up, move towards GMP manufacture and product development will be considered. Acknowledgements: BBSRC, EPSRC, MRC and The Sir Bobby Charlton Foundation.